계요등(1)

계요등 겨울눈(1)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7809219

계요등(2)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7815387

계요등(1)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7808646

 

학명: Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. var. scandens / (FOC) Paederia foetida  ㅣ.  

*  Paederia scandens와  Paederia foetida는 학자에 따라 다른 종으로도 보기도 하지만  FOC에서는  두 종을 동일종으로 보고  Paederia foetida 아래 통합시켰다.  

분류: 꼭두선이과(Rubiaceae)

학명 풀이:

Paederia: paedor filth ‘오물‘, stench ’악취’ (잎에서 나는 고약한 냄새와 관련하여)

scandens: Climbing or sprawling

 

일어명 : ヘクソカズラ（屁방귀 비糞葛）

중국어 명: 鸡矢藤(계시등)

*矢 여기서는 똥 屎와 같은 글자이다

 

참조 사이트

https://matsue-hana.com/hana/hekusokazura.html

    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 사진: 2012.10.07 홍릉

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래: 2017.09.14  제주도

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래: 2017.09.16  제주도

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래: 2019.01.18 제주도 도두봉

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래: 2022.08.24 신구대식물원

 

 

 

 

 

 

동속 식물:

계요등 Paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr. var. scandens

좁은잎계요등Paederia scandens var. angustifolia (Nakai) T.B.Lee

털계요등 Paederia scandens var. velutina (Nakai) Nakai

 

<국생정> 설명:

 

잎

잎은 대생하고 난형 또는 난상 피침형으로 길이 5~12cm, 나비 1~7cm이며 끝은 뾰족하고 밑은 심형이거나 수평이며 가장자리는 밋밋하고 뒷면에 잔털이 있거나 없으며 엽병은 길이 1~6cm이다.

 

열매

열매는 핵과로, 구형이다. 지름은 5∼6mm이고, 황갈색으로 익는다.

 

꽃

꽃은 7~8월에 백색으로 피고 자주색의 반점이 있으며 내편은 자색이고 줄기 끝이나 잎짬에 원추화서 또는 취산화서로 달린다. 꽃은 5수성이다.

 

줄기

윗부분은 겨울에 죽으며, 어린 가지에 잔털이 나고 독특한 냄새가 난다.

 

분포

제주, 전남북, 경남북(울릉도), 충남, 경기(대청도)에 나며 일본, 대만, 중국, 필리핀에 분포한다.

 

형태

넌출성인 다년생식물

 

크기

길이 5~7m이다.

 

 

FOC 설명

 

Paederia foetida Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 2: 189; Mant. Pl. 1: 52. 1767.

鸡矢藤 ji shi teng

(학명 이명)

Gentiana scandens Loureiro; Paederia chinensis Hance; P. dunniana H. Léveillé; P. esquirolii H. Léveillé; P. laxiflora Merrill ex H. L. Li; P. mairei H. Léveillé; P. scandens (Loureiro) Merrill; P. scandens f. mairei (H. Léveillé) Nakai; P. scandens var. mairei (H. Léveillé) H. Hara; P. scandens var. tomentosa (Blume) Handel-Mazzetti; P. tomentosa Blume; P. tomentosa var. glabra Kurz; P. tomentosa var. mairei (H. Léveillé) H. Léveillé; P. stenophylla Merrill.

(설명)

Vines, to 5 m; stems glabrous to densely puberulent, hirtellous, or pilosulous often becoming glabrescent, drying gray to brown. Leaves opposite or rarely ternate; petiole 0.5-9 cm, glabrous to densely hirtellous or pilosulous; blade drying papery to subleathery, ovate, ovate-oblong, lanceolate, lanceolate-elliptic, or elliptic, (1-)5-9(-21) × 1-4(-9) cm, adaxially glabrous to puberulent at least on principal veins, abaxially glabrous to puberulent, hirtellous, or strigillose at least on principal veins, base cuneate, rounded, truncate, or sometimes cordulate to cordate, margins flat, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins 4-6 pairs; stipules generally persistent, triangular to ovate, 1.5-6 mm, obtuse to acute, acuminate, or rarely bifid. Inflorescences axillary and/or terminal, paniculate, thyrsiform, corymbiform, or cymose, pyramidal to rounded, 5-100 cm, branched to 2-5 orders with higher order axes dichotomous or often scorpioid, hirtellous, strigillose, or glabrous, pedunculate; bracts lanceolate to triangular, 0.8-3 mm; pedicels to 1.5 mm. Flowers sessile to pedicellate in dichotomous to scorpioid, lax to somewhat congested cymules. Calyx glabrous to densely puberulent; hypanthium portion turbinate to ellipsoid, 0.8-2 mm; limb deeply lobed; lobes triangular, 0.4-1 mm. Corolla pale purple, grayish pink, lilac, or grayish white, funnelform, outside densely mealy puberulent or mealy tomentulose; tube (5-)7-10(-17) × 2-6 mm, without slits; lobes broadly triangular to ovate, 1-2 mm, acute. Fruit globose, 4-7 × 4-7 mm, glabrescent, drying gray to yellow; pyrenes concavo-convex to plano-convex. Fl. May-Oct, fr. Jul-Dec.

(생육지와 분포)

Forests, forest margins, thickets in ravines and on mountain slopes; 200-2000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Borneo, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, N Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; also occasionally cultivated, and naturalized in United States (Florida) and perhaps Sri Lanka].

Paederia foetida is naturalized in a few places around the world and apparently quite weedy wherever it grows; in particular, it has been reported as an adventive and sometimes a problem weed in Florida, where it is called "skunk vine."

(분류에 대한 보충 기재)

Puff (Opera Bot. Belg. 3: 207-292. 1991) substantially changed and clarified the application of this name; see the discussion under the genus above. Paederia foetida as circumscribed by Puff (and here) is widespread and morphologically widely variable but with continuous morphological variation, as documented in detail (loc. cit.: 223-224, f. 4, f. 5). W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 118-119. 1999) recognized two varieties within this species (treated as P. scandens), with the stems and leaves glabrous or subglabrous in var. scandens and subglabrous to pubescent in var. tomentosa; Ko reported var. scandens from throughout the range of this species in China and var. tomentosa only from "Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan." Puff synonymized these based on his conclusion that pubescence varies continuously within this species and thus does not distinguish separate evolutionary lineages.

Puff synonymized Paederia stenophylla with P. foetida, and this name is provisionally listed in synonymy here. The name P. stenophylla seems to have been applied by W. C. Ko (loc. cit.: 115) at least in part to plants that Puff treated as P. pertomentosa rather than P. foetida, and Puff reported that he did not see the type of P. stenophylla; this situation may deserve re-consideration, but that work is outside the scope of this current project.

The name Paederia dunniana from Guizhou was apparently overlooked by Puff; this was reported by Lauener and Ferguson (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 32: 112. 1972) to be a synonym of "P. scandens," which corresponds to P. foetida here, and this name is accordingly synonymized here provisionally.

 

 

 

 

 

일본 사이트 설명

 

葉は対生し、長さ4～10㎝、幅1～7㎝の楕円～狭卵形形。花冠は鐘状で灰白色、中央は紅紫色で毛が生える。お灸をすえた跡に似ていることから、ヤイトバナ（灸花）とも呼ばれる。雄しべ5個は花冠の内部につき、花糸は短い。花柱は2個、基部で合着する。果実は直径約5㎜の球形の核果（石果ともいう。）、黄褐色に熟す。中央の凹んだ半球形の核が2個入る。

　葉幅が狭く、基部が円形のものはホソバヤイトバナ（別名コバノヤイトバナ）と呼ばれる。葉幅の変化は連続的であり、明確に区別できないといわれている。

　葉に毛が多いのはビロードヤイトバナと呼ばれる。これも変化が連続的である。、

 

http://mikawanoyasou.org/data/hekusokazura.htm