가새씀바귀

 

 

학명 : Ixeris chinensis subsp. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Kitamura

분류 : 국화과

중국어명 : 多色苦荬 

 

* 국명을 잘못 지은 종이다. 학명의 종소명은 '다양한 색깔'이라는 뜻으로  선씀바귀 종류Ixeris chinensis  중에서 이 종이 꽃 색깔이 여러가지로 나타나는 것을 가리키는데 우리나라에서는 종 구분과는 관계없는 잎 모양으로 이름을 지었다

* 선씀바귀 종류들 - 노랑선씀바귀, 선씀바귀, 가새씀바귀-은 아래 FOC 기재문을 보면  종 구분이 분명치 않아 아직 논의가 진행 중인 분류군이다.

 

사진: 2018.06.27 내몽골 자란툰

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ixeris chinensis (Thunberg) Kitagawa, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 48: 113. 1934.

中华苦荬菜 zhong hua ku mai cai

 

Herbs 5-50 cm tall, perennial, rosulate, glabrous. Taproot, often with shoot-bearing lateral roots. Stems usually few to several, rarely solitary, ascending-erect to erect, branched from base or higher up. Rosette leaves oblanceolate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or ± linear, 6-24 × 1-2 cm, undivided or pinnatifid to pinnatipartite, basally attenuate, margin entire or sinuate-dentate, apex obtuse, acute, or attenuate; lateral lobes 2-7 pairs, narrowly triangular, linear-triangular, or linear. Stem leaves (0 or)1-4, narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, mostly undivided or more rarely pinnatifid, base semiamplexicaul and usually not or rarely with a basal pair of sideward directed clasping lobes, margin entire, apex acuminate. Synflorescence laxly corymbiform, with few to many capitula. Capitula with 15-25 florets; peduncle wiry, ca. 1 to several cm. Involucre cylindric, 6-11 mm. Phyllaries abaxially glabrous, apex acute; outer phyllaries ± ovate, longest 1-1.5 mm; inner phyllaries 8. Florets bright yellow, pale yellow, white, or purplish. Anther tube and style greenish to blackish upon drying. Achene brown, subfusiform, 4-6 mm, apex attenuate into a slender 2.5-3 mm beak. Pappus ca. 5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Oct.

Grasslands on mountain slopes, forests, forest margins, along rivers, ravines, open areas, degraded shrublands, thickets, riverbanks, rock crevices, sandy soil areas, fields, field margins, wastelands, roadsides; below 100-4000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [?Cambodia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Mongolia, E Russia, ?Thailand, Vietnam].

Ixeris chinensis includes diploid, triploid, and tetraploid cytotypes. Pak et al. (Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 48: 187-196. 1997) have shown that all three cytotype are present in mainland Asia, while in Taiwan only the diploid cytotype and in Japan only the triploid and tetraploid cytotypes occur. Otherwise, all three cytotypes frequently seem to occur sympatrically. The triploid and tetraploid cytotypes have been identified with I. chinensis subsp. strigosa (see Kitamura, Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 23: 112-116. 1956), which has long involucres (9-10 mm) and achenes as well as whitish or pale purplish florets. The diploid cytotype has been identified with I. chinensis subsp. chinensis, which has involucres of 6-8 mm and yellow florets. The third subspecies recognized by Kitamura, I. chinensis subsp. versicolor (sometimes even treated as two separate species, I. graminea and I. graminifolia, see, e.g., under Ixeridium, in Tzvelev, Fl. URSS 29: 388-392. 1964; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 62-65. 2008) appears rather to include forms intermediate between the former two at least with respect to involucre length (8-9 mm) and floret color (variably yellow, white, or purplish). It was not included in the analysis by Pak et al. (loc. cit.) and is little understood, even with respect to its actual delimitation from I. chinensis subsp. strigosa. Until further studies, such as started by Pak et al. (loc. cit.), are available that also include I. chinensis subsp. versicolor, the taxonomy of I. chinensis remains unsatisfactory. For the time being, it appears appropriate basically to maintain the classification of Kitamura (loc. cit. 1956) with three subspecies, the delimitation between them, however, not being clear-cut, and especially between I. chinensis subsp. versicolor and I. chinensis subsp. strigosa often questionable in material from China. The distribution ranges given below should therefore be taken with great caution. Leaf shape is very variable in I. chinensis; this variation, however, follows patterns not unusual in the genus and the tribe and is taxonomically of no value.

 

종하 분류군 검색표

 

1. Involucre 6-8 mm;

   florets bright or pale yellow;

   stem leaves usually 2-4.

   .................................       subsp. chinensis  노랑선씀바귀 

1. Involucre 8-11 mm;

   florets white, pale yellow, purplish, or rarely bright yellow;

   stem leaves usually 1 or 2

 

   2. Involucre 9-11 mm;

      florets white to pale purplish;

      plants 25-50 cm tall.

      .............................         subsp. strigosa  선씀바귀 

   2. Involucre 8-9 mm;

      florets variable within a population

        and white, purplish, pale yellow, or rarely also bright yellow;

      plants usually 10-20 cm tall.

      ..............................     subsp. versicolor 가새씀바귀 

 

 

 

http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200024071

 

 

 

 

 

가새씀바귀 기재문

 

 

Ixeris chinensis subsp. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Kitamura, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 49: 283. 1935.

多色苦荬 duo se ku mai

(학명 이명)  

Lagoseris versicolor Fischer ex Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 289. 1822; Barkhausia versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Sprengel; Chondrilla versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Schultz Bipontinus; Crepis graminifolia Ledebour; C. vaniotii H. Léveillé; Ixeridium biparum C. Shih; I. chinense subsp. graminifolium (Ledebour) Tzvelev; I. chinense subsp. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Tzvelev; I. gramineum (Fischer) Tzvelev; I. graminifolium (Ledebour) Tzvelev; Ixeris chinensis subsp. graminifolia (Ledebour) Kitagawa; I. chinensis var. graminifolia (Ledebour) H. C. Fu; I. chinensis subsp. hallaisanensis (H. Léveillé) Kitagawa; I. chinensis var. intermedia Kitagawa; I. graminea (Fischer) Nakai; I. graminifolia (Ledebour) Kitagawa; I. lanceolata C. C. Chang (1932), not (Houttuyn) Stebbins (1937); I. scaposa Freyn; I. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Candolle; Lactuca fischeriana Candolle; L. hallaisanensis H. Léveillé; L. rubrolutea Vaniot; L. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Schultz Bipontinus; Paraixeris graminea (Fischer) H. S. Pak; Prenanthes graminea Fischer; P. versicolor (Fischer ex Link) Bunge.

(설명)

Herbs usually 10-20 cm tall. Stems several, ascending-erect. Rosette leaves to 17 cm. Stem leaves usually (0 or)1 or 2. Capitula with 15-25 florets. Involucre 8-9 mm. Floret color variable within a population, white, purplish, pale yellow, or rarely also bright yellow. Achene 4-6 mm. Fl. and fr. Mar-Sep.

(생육지와 분포)  

Grasslands on mountain slopes, forests, forest margins, along rivers, ravines, wastelands, sandy soil areas; 100-4000 m. ?Anhui, ?Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, ?Jiangxi, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, ?Zhejiang [Korea, Mongolia, E Russia].

 

See note under the previous subspecies.

 

 

  http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242327317