학명 : Heptacodium miconioides Rehder
분류 : 인동과(Caprifoliaceae)
중국어명 : 七子花
일어명 : ナナコカ 또는 ナナコバナ(七子花)
사진: 2019.09.29 마곡
1두화당 꽃이 7개 달린다고 하여 칠자화라고 하나 전방에 3개, 후방에 3개 모두 6개 달린다. 두화의 가장자리에 배치한 6개의 꽃 중앙에 있는 것은 꽃이 아니라 화축의 연장부인 눈이라 한다
화관은 5갈래로 갈라지고 수술 5개, 암술 1개이다
수피는 배롱나무처럼 얇게 세로로 갈라진다
아래: 2019.11.02 인천수목원
꽃받침은 5장이다. 꽃이 지면 꽃받침은 붉게 물든다
아래 : 2021.09.11 서강대 옛 경원선철길
잎은 마주나고 난형. 예두, 전연, 3출맥이다
아래 : 2022.10.21 하계동 중랑천
아래 : 2024.04.14 여주 황학산수목원
아래 : 2024.10.24 황학산수목원
속에 대한 FOC 설명
Heptacodium Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 2: 617. 1916.
七子花属 qi zi hua shu
Shrubs or small trees, deciduous. Winter buds with several pairs of scales. Leaves opposite, entire, triplinerved, estipulate. Inflorescence a terminal panicle composed of numerous capitula. Capitulum of a single sessile whorl of opposite 3-flowered cymes and a terminal bud of bracts and a whorl often not developed. Capitulum with 2 pairs of involucral decussate bracts and 12 bracts (bracts of each cyme spatulate and often fused together, bracts of secondary flowers smaller and often missing). Involucral bracts ovate and persistent in fruit, glabrous to sericeous, longer and covering bracts and ovaries. Sepals 5, slightly protruding from involucre. Corolla tubular-funnelform; tube strongly curved at base with a nectary inside and shallowly gibbous, 5-lobed and regular. Stamens 5, exserted; filaments inserted at middle of corolla tube. Ovary 3-locular, 2 locules with numerous sterile ovules, remaining locule with 1 fertile ovule. Stigmas discoid. Fruit a leathery achene, cylindrical, crowned with a persistent and enlarged calyx. Achene 1-seeded, pericarp membranous; endosperm fleshy.
● One species: China.
Lower Taxon
•Heptacodium miconioides Rehder
종에 대한 썰명
Heptacodium miconioides Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 2: 618. 1916.
七子花 qi zi hua
(학명 이명)
Heptacodium jasminoides Airy Shaw.
(설명)
Shrubs, to 7 m tall. Young branches red-brown, sparsely pubescent. Petiole ca. 10 mm; leaf blade ovate, 8-15 × 5-9 cm, leathery, abaxially sparsely pubescent on veins, base obtuse to subcordate, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescence a subpyramidal panicle of capitula, 5-15 × 5-9 cm. Capitulum with involucral bracts and bracts variously shaped, unequal in size, pair of involucral bracts often emarginate. Flowers white, fragrant. Sepals 2-2.5 mm, equaling ovary at anthesis. Style hairy. Corolla 1-1.5 cm, densely adpressed hairy. Achene ca. 10 mm, protruding from involucre, striate, hirsute-sericeous; persistent calyx with spreading sepals to 7-10 mm; seeds 5-6 mm. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Nov.
● Cliffs, scrub, forests; 600-1000 m. Anhui, Hubei, Zhejiang.
This is a rare species.
출처: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200022268
FOC 세밀화
출처 : http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=119549&flora_id=2
위키 설명
Heptacodium miconioides has the common name 七子花 qi zi hua in Standard Chinese - of which the English common name Seven Son Flower (of Zhejiang) is a translation. It is a member of the family Caprifoliaceae, a cousin of the honeysuckle, and the sole species of the monotypic genus Heptacodium.
Endemic to China, this species was discovered in 1907 growing on mountain cliffs at 'Hsing-Shan Hsien' in present day Xingshan County in the west of Hubei Province in central China by Ernest Wilson whilst collecting on behalf of the Arnold Arboretum. Considered rare even at that time, only nine populations are known to remain in the wild (e.g. one on Tiantai Mountain), all of them in Anhui and Zhejiang provinces and threatened by habitat loss. The species is now under second-class national protection in China. The Sino-American Botanical Expedition of 1980 collected viable seeds and sent them to the Arnold Arboretum where it was found to be readily cultivated. The plant is now widely grown as an ornamental around the world.
Description
Heptacodium miconioides is a deciduous large shrub or small tree, typically growing to a height of 4–9 m (13–30 ft). The bark of the trunk is papery and thin, light tan in colour, and exfoliates in strips or sheets. The upright, spreading, quadrangular branches give the plant a rounded, often irregular shape. The dark-green cordate leaves are opposite, 8–10 cm long by 5–6 cm wide, with entire margins and deeply impressed venation running parallel to the margin. In September, H. miconioides produces large shows of small fragrant white blooms attractive to butterflies and bumblebees, the flowers five-petalled, < 13 mm across. When the white corollas have fallen, the calyces develop into deep red expanded lobes which persist into November. The plant may be found in scrub, woodlands, and on the margins of broadleaved evergreen forests, often on cliffs, at altitudes of 600-1000 metres.
Six flowers, not seven
Noted plantsman John Grimshaw, director of the Yorkshire Arboretum, relayed the following observation of H. miconioides from distinguished botanist Allen J. Coombes, (formerly of the Hillier Gardens and currently coordinator of scientific collections at the University Botanic Garden Puebla, Mexico):
'Seven' is actually misleading, for the flowers in each capitulum are held in two rows of three clustered around a central bud, which is not a flower bud but in fact a continuation of the inflorescence axis, which will push up as the flowers fade and develop a new ring of six flowers, again around a central bud. Three such iterations have been observed.
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Etymology
The generic name of Heptacodium has sometimes been said [13] ( erroneously ) to mean 'seven bells' ( with a second element derived from Greek κώδων ( codon ) - 'bell' ), but was in fact coined by Arnold Arboretum taxonomist Alfred Rehder from the Greek κώδειά ( codeia ) - 'poppy head' with the prefix έπτά ( Hepta- ) 'seven', giving the meaning 'having seven structures resembling poppy heads'. The specific epithet miconioides alludes to the similarities of the plant ( particularly its boldly-veined leaves ) to certain species belonging to the unrelated genus Miconia ( family Melastomataceae ).
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출처: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptacodium