Grevillea juniperina

 

학명 : Grevillea juniperina R.Br.

분류 : Proteaceae

 

사진 : 2022.03.06 한택식물원

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

위키 설명

Grevillea juniperina, commonly known as juniper- or juniper-leaf grevillea or prickly spider-flower, is a plant of the family Proteaceae native to eastern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland in Australia. Scottish botanist Robert Brown described the species in 1810, and seven subspecies are recognised. One subspecies, G. j. juniperina, is restricted to Western Sydney and environs and is threatened by loss of habitat and housing development.

 

A small, prickly-leaved shrub between 0.2–3 m (0.66–9.84 ft) high, G. juniperina generally grows on clay-based or alluvial soils in eucalypt woodland. The flower heads, known as inflorescences, appear from winter to early summer and are red, orange or yellow. Birds visit and pollinate the flowers. Grevillea juniperina plants are killed by bushfire, regenerating afterwards from seed. Grevillea juniperina adapts readily to cultivation and has been important in horticulture as it is the parent of many popular garden hybrids.

 

 

 

Description

Grevillea juniperina has a spreading or erect habit (growth form) and it grows to between 0.2–3 m (0.66–9.84 ft) in height. The branchlets are thick and sturdy. The prickly leaves are generally stiff and are 0.5–3.5 cm (1⁄4–1+3⁄8 in) long and 0.5–6 mm (1⁄32–1⁄4 in) wide. They are crowded along the stems. Flowering occurs throughout the year, peaking between midwinter and early summer, though it varies between the different subspecies. Subspecies allojohnsonii flowers from September to February,[3] subspecies trinervis flowers from August to December,[4] and subspecies juniperina, amphitricha, sulphurea, villosa and fortis flower in August and September.[5][6][7][8][9] The spider-flower arrangement of the inflorescence has several individual flowers emerging from a central rounded flower head—reminiscent of the legs of a spider.[10] The flowers are red, pink, orange, yellow or greenish, and are mostly terminal—arising on the ends of stems—though they occasionally arise from axillary buds. They are 2.5–3.5 cm (1–1+3⁄8 in) long.[11][12] The perianth is finely furred on the outside, while the pistil is smooth; it is 1.5–2.7 cm (5⁄8–1+1⁄8 in) long. Flowering is followed by the development of seed pods, each capsule is 10–18 mm (3⁄8–3⁄4 in) long, and releases one or two seeds when ripe.[13] The narrow oval seed is 7.5–12 mm (1⁄4–1⁄2 in) and 2.2–3.3 mm (1⁄16–1⁄8 in) wide, with a swelling at the apex and a short wing. Both surfaces are covered with tiny hairs.[14]

 

Similar species include the Wingello grevillea (Grevillea molyneuxii), which can be distinguished by its prominent midvein on the leaf undersurface, and the red spider-flower (G. speciosa), which has wider leaves with lateral veins and longer pistil.[14]

 

Taxonomy

The type specimen for this species was collected from the Port Jackson area (Sydney district) and was described by botanist Robert Brown in 1810, who gave it the specific epithet juniperina that alludes to its juniper-like foliage.[14] Likewise, it is commonly known as juniper- or juniper-leaf grevillea, as well as prickly spider-flower.[15] The lectotype was selected by Don MacGillivray in 1993 from a collection by George Caley in 1803 11 km (6.8 mi) northwest of Prospect in what is now Sydney's outer western suburbs. Brown placed it in the series Lissostylis in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen.[16]

 

English botanist and explorer Allan Cunningham collected what he called Grevillea sulphurea in 1822 near Coxs River in the Bathurst area, where it grew alongside G. rosmarinifolia and G. arenaria subspecies canescens.[17] This was later synonymised with G. juniperina,[17] before being recognised as a distinct subspecies.[18]

 

George Bentham placed G. juniperina in Section Lissostylis in his 1870 Flora Australiensis. This section has become the Linearifolia group of 45 species of shrub in southeastern Australia.[19] Within this group, G. juniperina is classified in the Speciosa subgroup, five species of bird-pollinated grevilleas found in eastern Australia. The others are G. molyneuxii, G. dimorpha, G. oleoides and G. speciosa.[20]

 

There are seven subspecies of Grevillea juniperina, six of which have been recognised or described by Bob Makinson of the New South Wales Herbarium in 2000:[12]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grevillea_juniperina