흑판수(추정)

 

학명 : Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.

분류 : 협죽도과(Apocynaceae)

국표식 등재명 : 흑판수

대만 중국어명 : 黑板樹

중국어명 :  糖胶树

Common Names:  blackboard tree, scholar tree, milkwood or devil's tree

 

 

사진 : 2024.07.12 국립생태원

 

 

아래 세밀화를 보면 많은 측맹이 있다,

기재문에 lateral veins 25-50 pairs, at 80-90° to midvein이라고 나오는데

위의 사진에서도 좀 흐릿하지만 많은 측맥이 보인다 

 

 

lateral veins 25-50 pairs, at 80-90° to midvein. 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 캐논 사진

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FOC

 

Alstonia scholaris (Linnaeus) R. Brown, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1: 76. 1811.

糖胶树 tang jiao shu

 

Echites scholaris Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 1: 53. 1767; Pala scholaris (Linnaeus) Roberty.

 

Trees to 40 m tall, glabrous. Bark gray; branchlets copiously lenticellate. Leaves in whorls of 3-10; petiole 1-3 cm; leaf blade narrowly obovate to very narrowly spatulate, 7-28 X 2-11 cm, leathery, base cuneate, apex usually rounded; lateral veins 25-50 pairs, at 80-90° to midvein. Cymes dense, pubescent; peduncle 4-7 cm. Pedicel usually as long as or shorter than calyx. Corolla white, tube 6-10 mm; lobes broadly ovate or broadly obovate, 2-4.5 mm, overlapping to left. Ovaries distinct, pubescent. Follicles distinct, linear, to 57 cm X 2-5 mm. Seeds oblong, margin ciliate, ends with tufts of hairs 1.5-2 cm. Fl. Jun-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec. 2n = 22, 44*.

 

Mixed forests, village groves; 200-1000 m. SW Guangxi, S Yunnan; cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan, Taiwan [Cambodia, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia]

 

The bark and leaves are used to treat headache, influenza, bronchitis, and pneumonia. The wood is used for making coffins.

 

FOC 세밀화

 

 

 

 

세밀화 설명

lateral veins 25-50 pairs, at 80-90° to midvein

 

 

 

위키페디아 설명

 

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

Alstonia scholaris, commonly called blackboard tree, scholar tree, milkwood or devil's tree in English,[3] is an evergreen tropical tree in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae). It is native to southern China, tropical Asia (mainly the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia) and Australasia, where it is a common ornamental plant. It is a toxic plant, but is used traditionally for myriad diseases and complaints. It is called 'Saptaparna' in India and is the sacred tree of the 2nd Jain tirthankar Ajitnatha.

 

Description

Alstonia scholaris is a glabrous tree and grows up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. Its mature bark is grayish and its young branches are copiously marked with lenticels. A unique feature of this tree is that in some places, such as New Guinea, the trunk is three-sided (i.e. it is triangular in cross-section).[4]

 

The upper side of the leaves are glossy, while the underside is greyish.[5] Leaves occur in whorls of three to ten, with petioles 1–3 cm (0.4–1 in) long. The leathery leaves are narrowly obovate to very narrowly spathulate, with a cuneate base, and the apex is usually rounded and up to 23 cm (9.1 in) long by 8 cm (3.1 in) in width.[6] Lateral veins occur in 25 to 50 pairs, at 80–90° to midvein. The cymes are dense and pubescent. Each peduncle is 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long. Pedicels are usually as long as or shorter than calyx. The corolla is white and tube-like, 6–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long. The lobes are broadly ovate or broadly obovate, 2–4.5 mm (0.08–0.2 in), overlapping to the left. The ovaries are distinct and pubescent. The follicles are distinct and linear.

 

Flowers bloom in the month of October. The flowers are very fragrant and similar to the flower of Cestrum nocturnum.

 

Seeds of A. scholaris are oblong, with ciliated margins, and end with tufts of hairs 1.5–2 cm (0.6–0.8 in) long.[7] The bark is almost odorless and very bitter, with abundant bitter and milky sap.

 

Distribution

Alstonia scholaris is native to the following regions:[3]

 

China: Guangxi, Yunnan

Indian subcontinent: Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Southeast Asia: Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam[8]

Oceania: Papua New Guinea, Australia（Queensland）

Alstonia scholaris is the state tree of West Bengal, India, where it is called Chhatim tree.

 

Toxicity

This is a toxic plant. At high doses, an extract of the plant exhibited marked damage to all the major organs of the body in both rats and mice. The toxicity appears to depend on the plant organ studied, as well as the season it is harvested, with the bark collected in the monsoon season being the least toxic, and bark in the summer the most. Intraperitoneal administration is much more toxic than oral. Rats were more susceptible to the poison than mice, and pure-bred mice strains were more susceptible than crossbred. The toxic effects may be due to the alkaloid echitamine in the bark.