Echinodorus cordifolius (물수선)

학명: Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb.

분류 :  택사과(Alismataceae)

 

일어명 : ヒロハシャゼンオモダカ(広葉車前面高)

 

국내 유통명 : 열대벗풀, 물수선

 

 

사진 : 2007.07.27 관곡지

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2007.08.03 해여림식물원

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2021.08.16 마포 평화공원

 

잎은 모두 추수엽이다침수엽이 없다)

 

화서는 총상화서로 3-9개의 층을 이룬다

 

 

포는  송곳 모양이다 

 

꽃받침(3개, 녹색 부분)에 10-12개의 맥이 있고 맥에는 돌기가 있다

 

 

꽃잎이 몇 장인지에 대한 언급이 없으나 위에서는 3개로 보인다.

수술은 22개; 암술은  200-250개( 또는 그 이상)로 볼록한 화탁 위에  나선상으로 배열된다

 

 

Echinodorus Richard & Engelmann ex A. Gray, Manual. 460. 1848.

[Greek echius, rough husk, and doros, leathern bottle, alluding to ovaries, which in some species are armed with persistent styles, forming prickly head of fruit]

 

Helianthium (Engelmann ex Hooker f.) J. G. Smith

 

Plants annual or perennial, emersed, floating-leaved, or rarely submersed, glabrous to stellate-pubescent; rhizomes present or absent; stolons absent; corms absent; tubers absent. Roots not septate. Leaves sessile or petiolate; petioles triangular, rarely terete; blade with translucent markings as dots or lines present or absent, linear to lanceolate to ovate, base attenuate to cordate, margins entire or undulating, apex obtuse to acute. Inflorescences racemes or panicles, rarely umbels, of 1--18 whorls, erect or decumbent, emersed; bracts coarse, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces smooth or papillose along veins, apex obtuse to acute. Flowers bisexual, subsessile to pedicellate; bracts subtending pedicels, subulate to lanceolate, shorter than to longer than pedicels, apex obtuse to acute; pedicels ascending to recurved; receptacle convex; sepals recurved to spreading, herbaceous to leathery, sculpturing absent; petals white, entire; stamens 9--25; filaments linear, glabrous; pistils 15--250 or more, spirally arranged on convex receptacle, forming head, distinct; ovules 1; style terminal or lateral. Fruits plump, often longitudinally ribbed, sometimes flattened, rarely abaxially keeled, abaxial wings absent, lateral wings absent, glands often present.

 

Species 26 (4 in the flora): Western Hemisphere.

 

SELECTED REFERENCES

 

Fassett, N. C. 1955. Echinodorus in the American tropics. Rhodora 57: 133--156, 174--188, 202--212. Haynes, R. R. and L. B. Holm-Nielsen. 1986. Notes on Echinodorus (Alismataceae). Brittonia 38: 325--332. Rataj, K. 1975. Revizion [sic] of the Genus Echinodorus Rich. Prague.

 

 

 

종 검색표

 

1. Pistils 15--20;

   submersed leaves mostly present, sessile; 

   emersed leaves narrowly lanceolate to ovate;

   plants relatively delicate

........................... Echinodorus tenellus

1. Pistils 45--250;

   submersed leaves mostly absent, when present, petiolate;

   emersed

 

   2. Inflorescence decumbent to arching, proliferating;

      sepal veins papillate

      .................. Echinodorus cordifolius

   2. Inflorescence erect, not proliferating;

      sepal veins not papillate.

      3. Stamens 9--15; plants to 70 cm.

          ...................... Echinodorus berteroi

     3. Stamens 21; plants to 200 cm .

        ....................... Echinodorus floridanus

 

 

 

Echinodorus cordifolius subsp. cordifolius

 

(학명 이명) Echinodorus radicans (Nuttall) Engelmann ex A. Gray

 

Herbs, perennial, stout, to 100 cm; rhizomes present. Leaves emersed, submersed leaves mostly absent; petiole 5--6-ridged, 17.5--45 cm; blade with translucent markings distinct lines, ovate to elliptic, 6.5--32 ´ 2.5--19.1 cm, base truncate to cordate. Inflorescences racemes, of 3--9 whorls, each 3--15-flowered, decumbent to arching, to 62 ´ 8--18 cm, often proliferating; peduncles terete, 35--56 cm; rachis triangular; bracts distinct, subulate, 10--21 mm, coarse, margins coarse; pedicels erect to ascending, 2.1--7.5 cm. Flowers to 25 mm wide; sepals spreading, 10--12-veined, veins papillate; petals not clawed; stamens 22; anthers versatile; pistils 200--250. Fruits oblanceolate, plump, 3--4-ribbed, abaxially 1-keeled, 2--3.5 ´ 0.9--1.5 mm; glands 3--4; beak terminal,1--1.3 mm. 2n = 22.

 

Flowering late summer--early fall. Clay soils of wet ditches, streams, and shallow ponds; 0--500 m; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Kans., Ky., La., Miss., Mo., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va.; Mexico (Tamaulipas); West Indies; South America.

 

Echinodorus cordifolius is very easily determined, as it is the only species with arching to decumbent inflorescences. In addition, it is the only one with papillate veins on the sepals.

 

 

 

http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=222000052

 

 

Echinodorus와 보풀속 Sagittaria 구별

 

1. Flowers all bisexual;

   fruits mostly plump, longitudinally ribbed, lateral wings absent.

   .....................       Echinodorus

1. Flowers unisexual (at least the proximal);

   fruits compressed, lateral wing often present, 1, curved.

   .................          Sagittaria