구륜앵초(황산앵초)

학명 : Primula veris L.

분류 : Primulaceae

학명 풀이

Primula : Prime, first (blooming)

veris : 봄의

 

일어명 : キバナノクリンザクラ（黄花九輪桜)

중국어명 : 黄花九轮草

국내 유통명 : 구륜앵초, 황산앵초, 붕붕앵초, 베리스앵초

국표식등재명 : 프리물라 베리스

영어명 : Cowslip primrose

 

사진: 2021.03.30. 방학동 화원

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2022.05.02 푸른수목원

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2023.04.06 푸른수목원

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2023.04.09 한택식물원

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FNA 설명

 

Primula veris Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 142. 1753.

Cowslip primrose

(학명 이명)

Primula officinalis (Linnaeus) Hill

(설명)

Plants 8-30 cm, herbaceous; rhizomes thick, short; rosettes sometimes clumped, vegetative parts efarinose* but often pubescent. Leaves not aromatic, indistinctly or abruptly petiolate; petiole winged; blade with deep reticulate veins abaxially, ovate to ovate-oblong, 5-20 × 2-6 cm, thin, membranaceous in age, margins coarsely toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces pubescent, hairs simple. Inflorescences 5-16-flowered; involucral bracts plane, unequal. Pedicels erect to drooping, moderately thick, 3-20 mm, length 1-3 times bracts, flexuous. Flowers heterostylous; calyx pale green, broadly campanulate, 0.8-2 cm; corolla yellow, with orange spots at base of lobes, tube 8-20 mm, length to 1 times calyx, eglandular, limb 8-28 mm diam., lobes 8-14 mm, apex slightly emarginate to distinctly notched. Capsules ovoid, length to 1 times calyx. Seeds without flanged(테두리가 있는) edges, minutely vesiculate(소낭이 있는). 2n = 22 (Europe).

 

용어 farinose : 흰가루로 덮인

(개화, 생육지와 분포)

Flowering spring. Meadows and pastures, persisting around old gardens and homesteads, apparently substantially spreading and naturalized; 0-1000 m; introduced; B.C., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., Que.; Conn., Maine, Mass., Mich., N.Y.; Europe.

Primula veris shows exceptional morphological variation in Europe, with multiple specific and infraspecific names. It is a popular garden plant both here and in Europe; horticultural varieties abound and are almost certainly represented among the records from North America.

 

http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200017456

 

 

영어 위키 설명

 

 

Primula veris, the cowslip, common cowslip, or cowslip primrose (syn. Primula officinalis Hill), is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the primrose family Primulaceae. The species is native throughout most of temperate Europe and western Asia, and although absent from more northerly areas including much of northwest Scotland, it reappears in northernmost Sutherland and Orkney and in Scandinavia. This species frequently hybridizes with other Primulas such as Primula vulgaris to form false oxlip (Primula × polyantha) which is often confused with true oxlip (Primula elatior), a much rarer plant.

 

Names​

The common name cowslip may derive from the old English for cow dung, probably because the plant was often found growing amongst the manure in cow pastures. An alternative derivation simply refers to slippery or boggy ground; again, a typical habitat for this plant.

 

The species name veris (of spring, referring to the season) is the genitive case form of Latin "ver" (spring). However, primrose P. vulgaris, flowers earlier, from December to May in the British Isles.

 

Other historical common names include cuy lippe, herb peter, paigle or pagil,[7] peggle, key flower, key of heaven, fairy cups, petty mulleins, crewel, buckles, palsywort, and plumrocks.

 

Description​

Primula veris is a variable evergreen or semi-evergreen perennial plant growing to 25 cm (10 in) tall and broad, with a rosette of leaves 5–15 cm long and 2–6 cm broad. The deep yellow flowers are produced in spring, in clusters of 10–30 blooms together on a single stem. Each flower is 9–15 mm broad. Red- and orange-flowered plants occur rarely but can be locally widespread in areas where coloured primula hybrids bloom at the same time as the native cowslip, enabling cross-pollination.

 

Habitat and conservation​

The cowslip is frequently found on more open ground than the primrose, including open fields, meadows, coastal dunes and clifftops. The plant suffered a decline due to changing agricultural practices throughout the 1970s and 1980s in Britain. It may therefore be rare locally, though where found it may be abundant. Additionally the seeds are now often included in wildflower seed mixes used to landscape motorway banks and similar civil engineering earthworks where the plants may be seen in dense stands. This practice has led to a revival in its fortunes.

In cultivation this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. (이하 생략)

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primula_veris

 

 

 

 

출처: 일어 위키