갈고리네잎갈퀴(3)

전에는 한동안 큰잎갈퀴로 동정해오던  것으로 보이나 요즘은 갈고리네잎갈퀴로 보는 것 같다

 

갈고리네잎갈퀴(3)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7816367

갈고리네잎갈퀴(2)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7813728

갈고리네잎갈퀴(1)(4-6윤생 Galium 종들 비교표)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7810804

네잎갈퀴(좀네잎갈퀴)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7814144

 

국생지 학명 : Galium pseudoasprellum Makino

FOC 학명 : Galium dahuricum var. lasiocarpum (Makino) Nakai

분류 : 꼭두서니과 (Rubiaceae)

중국어명 : 东北猪殃殃(동북저앙앙)

일어명 : オオバノヤエムグラ(大葉の八重葎) 

 

 

사진 : 2024.10.25 파주 진동 하포리

 

 

아래 : 2024.10.26 남한산성

 

 

 

아래 : 2024.11.01 명지산

 

 

 

 

 

 

국생지

 

분포

함경도, 황해도, 평안도, 강원, 경기, 전라도

해외분포

일본, 만주

생육환경

산지

생육형

여러해살이풀

크기

높이 1~2m

잎

잎은 5~6개, 위쪽에서는 4~5개 돌려나기하고 넓은 거꿀피침모양 또는 도란상 좁은 장 타원형으로 길이 1.5~3cm, 나비 5~10mm이며 끝은 둔하거나 둥글고 갑자기 좁아진다.

꽃

꽃은 8~10월에 연한 녹색으로 피고 가지 끝이나 잎겨드랑이에 소수의 꽃이 드문드문 달리며 화경과 꽃자루는 가늘고 길다. 능 위, 잎의 가장자리 및 잎 뒤 주맥에 밑을 향한 가시가 있다.

열매

과실은 분과로 짧은 갈고리 같은 가시가 있고 과병은 길이 7~15mm이다.

줄기

줄기는 길게 뻗어 다른 물체에 감기며 건조하면 녹색을 띤다.

 

 

 

 

 

........................................................

큰잎갈퀴. 갈고리네잎갈퀴, 네잎갈퀴의 한중일 학명 비교

 

 

Galium		국생지	FOC	한반도의생물다양성	일본
큰잎 갈퀴	정명	dahuricum	dahuricum var. dahuricum 大叶猪殃殃	dahuricum
	이명	1) asprellum var. dahuricum 2) dahuricum var. leiocarpum	1) asprellum var. dahuricum 2) dahuricum var. leiocarpum
갈고리 네잎 갈퀴	정명	pseudoasprellum	dahuricum var. lasiocarpum 东北猪殃殃	dahuricum var. lasiocarpum	pseudoasprellum オオバノヤエムグラ　 (大葉の八重葎)
	이명		1) pseudoasprellum 2) asprellum var. lasiocarpum 3) dahuricum var. manshuricum 4) manshuricum .		dahuricum var. lasiocarpum manshuricum *　 (エゾムグラ) (이 종은  일본에서는 별도의 종으로 보기도 한다)
네잎 갈퀴	정명	bungei var. trachyspermum	bungei var. trachyspermum 阔叶四叶葎	bungei var. trachyspermum	bungei var. trachyspermum ヨツバムグラ　 (四葉葎)
	이명		trachyspermum		trachyspermum

 

 

FOC

 

Galium dahuricum Turczaninow ex Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 2: 409. 1844.

大叶猪殃殃 da ye zhu yang yang

 

 

Herbs, perennial, from a slender reddish rootstock. Stems erect to ascending, weak to procumbent and often climbing, sometimes up to 2.5 m, 4-angled, sparsely to densely retrorsely aculeolate along angles and at nodes, rarely ± glabrescent. Leaves on main stems in whorls of 5 or 6, subsessile; blade drying papery, of very variable shape, from obovate and elliptic-oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, (11-)15-40(-55) × (2-)3-10(-14), sparsely to densely retrorsely aculeolate adaxially along midrib, abaxially, and along flat to thinly reflexed margins, base acute to cuneate, apex acute to obtuse and mucronate; vein 1. Inflorescences paniculate, with axillary and terminal, several- to many-flowered, usually very lax and up to 7 cm long cymes; axes filiform and often flexuous, sparsely aculeolate to glabrous; bracts few, lanceolate; pedicels slender, in flower 2-5 mm. Ovary obovoid, ca. 0.8 mm, with dense spreading or appressed undeveloped trichomes, or glabrous. Corolla white or pale green, rotate, of quite different sizes, (1-)1.5-3(-4) mm in diam., glabrous; lobes 4, triangular, obtuse to acute or minutely apiculate. Mericarps ellipsoid, ca. 2 mm, with appressed or spreading and uncinate trichomes (0.3-0.5 mm), tuberculate to completely glabrous and smooth, on pedicels elongating to 10 mm or more. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Jul-Nov.

 

Humid forests, thickets, ditch sides, grasslands, meadows; 200-3400 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].

 

Within Galium sect. Trachygalium and the extremely polymorphic species group of G. asperifolium (see there) Cufodontis (Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 239-243. 1940), Yamazaki (Fl. Japan 3a: 206-240. 1993), and W. C. Chen (in FRPS 71(2): 255-258. 1999) differentiated the closely related taxa G. dahuricum (in FRPS as "G. davuricum," the spelling used in the protologue by Ledebour), G. tokyoense, G. pseudoasprellum, and G. manshuricum mainly according to the lack (in the two former) and the presence (in the two latter) of appressed or spreading uncinate trichomes on the mericarps. As this character apparently often varies within populations of these taxa, the present treatment relies on the much more stable feature of slender, filiform, and ± flexuose vs. more stiff and divaricate peduncles and pedicels. The former state characterizes G. dahuricum (including G. manshuricum and G. pseudoasprellum), the latter G tokyoense. This species assembly has its distribution center in E Asia but extends with G. asprellum Michaux s.s. into E North America.

 

Galium pseudoasprellum was accepted as a species by Cufodontis (loc. cit.: 237-238), W. C. Chen (loc. cit.: 254-255), and Yamazaki (loc. cit.: 238), and the latter two also maintained G. niewerthii. In our opinion and because of their similar inflorescences, both taxa should be regarded as synonyms of G. dahuricum, the former under var. lasiocarpum, the latter under var. dahuricum. Even if we have not seen authentic specimens of G. niewerthii, all of its characters listed fall within the limits of G. dahuricum; thus, we regard it as a glabrous-fruited form of that variable species. So far, G. comarii has been a badly understood taxon (see Cufodontis, loc. cit.: 241; Lauener, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 32: 107. 1972; Mill, Edinburgh J. Bot. 53: 193-213. 1996). Because of its slender inflorescence, extremely long pedicels, and rugose fruit mentioned in the protologue, it can now be safely assigned as another synonym of G. dahuricum var. dahuricum.

 

The following infraspecific taxa of Galium dahuricum (and G. pseudoasprellum), accepted by Cufodontis (loc. cit.: 237-238, 243-244) and W. C. Chen (loc. cit.), are keyed and listed here for comparison.

 

 

1. Ovary and mericarps glabrous or tuberculate.

     ............................ var. dahuricum 큰잎갈퀴

1. Ovary and mericarps with spreading or appressed uncinate trichomes

 

   2. Inflorescences with loosely branched cymes,

       with filiform and ± flexuose pedicels of up to 5 mm,

       in fruit up to 10 mm.

       ...................... var. lasiocarpum 갈고리네잎갈퀴

    * 학명의 lasiocarpum은 '양모 같은 털이 있는 열매'라는 뜻

 

  2. Inflorescences more congested,

      pedicels shorter than 5 mm.

      ........................ var. densiflorum

 

 

FOC 세밀화

 

 

1-4 흰갈퀴 ; 5-8 갈고리네잎갈퀴; 9-10 큰잎갈퀴 

 

 

이우철도감과 FOC기재문을 반영한

갈고리네잎갈퀴와

큰잎갈퀴의 차이점 정리

 

 

Galium dahuricum	갈고리네잎갈퀴 var. lasiocarpum	큰잎갈퀴 var. dahuricum
자방(열매)	갈고리 모양의 털	무모(또는 돌기)
화서	정생+ 액생	정생
꽃색	연녹색	백색

 

 

 

 

 

참고 

 

갈고리네잎갈퀴와 네잎갈퀴 비교

갈고리네잎갈퀴

 

 

 

일본 인터넷에서 퍼온 잎 비교

 

 

1) 갈고리네잎갈퀴 : 잎은 4-6장; 줄기는 덩굴성.. 네잎갈퀴에 비해 잎이 좀 더 길쭉하다 

 

 

 

 

2) 네잎갈퀴 : 잎은 4장, 줄기는 직립, 갈고리네잎갈퀴에 비해 잎 이 더 짧고 좀 더 둥근 느낌이고 잎 표면, 엽연에 털이 많다, 잎 표면에 선점이 보인다 

 

 

 

사진 출처 

https://mikawanoyasou.org/data/yotubamugura.htm

https://matsue-hana.com/hana/oobanoyaemugura.html