금잔화 (1) (금송화와 금잔화 구별)← 오스테오스페르뭄 에클로니스(Osteospermum ecklonis)

 

퍼온 사진 참조 http://blog.daum.net/daehyo/7812475

 

 

학명 : Calendula officinalis L.

분류 : 국화과

일어명 : キンセンカ(金盞花)

중국어명 : 金盏菊

 

사진: 2019.08.12 창동

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

화경에 각이 져 있고 털이 많다. 선상피침형인 총포편에도 털(선모)이 밀생한다. 총포는 2열이며 외총포가 내총포다 길다. 설상화는 총포편의 약 2배 정도 길이이다.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래: 2020.03.28  방학동

 

 

 

 

아래: 2021.03.22 도봉구

 

 

아래: 2021.04.27 도봉구

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

금잔화(금송화)속 Calendula에 대한 설명   Calendula Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 921. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 393. 1754. Pot marigold [Latin calends, first day of the month, and -ula, tendency; perhaps meaning "through the months" and alluding to ± year-round flowering]     Annuals, perennials [subshrubs], 5–50(–70+) cm. Stems procumbent to erect, glabrous or arachnose and/or stipitate-glandular. Leaves sessile or petiolate; blades elliptic, obovate, or oblong to oblanceolate, spatulate, or linear (bases sometimes clasping), margins entire or denticulate, faces sparsely arachnose and/or stipitate-glandular. Heads borne singly. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 10–30+ mm diam. Phyllaries 13–40+ in 2+ series, lanceolate to lance-linear. Receptacles flat. Ray florets 13–50(–100+) in 1–3+ series; corollas yellow to orange, laminae linear to oblanceolate. Disc florets 20–60(–150+), functionally staminate; corollas yellow, reddish, or purplish, tubes shorter than ± campanulate throats. Cypselae arcuate to ± coiled (usually some beaked, some 2–3-winged, some both beaked and winged), abaxial faces usually tuberculate and/or transversely ridged. x = 11.   Species 15 or fewer (2 in the flora): introduced; Macaronesia, Mediterranean Europe, Near East, North Africa; widely cultivated, sometimes escaping and/or persisting.

 

 

 

 

 

 

금잔화속Calendula과 Osteospermum속 구별     1. 수과는 궁형 내지 코일형으로 뒷면에 돌기가 있고 때로는 날개가 있다 ...................... 금잔화속 Calendula 1. 수과는 삼능형- 프리즘형 내지 곤봉형으로 다소 돌기와 날개가 있다 ....................... Osteospermum

 

 

 

 

 

금송화와 금잔화의 구별   1.Phyllaries 13–21+, 6–10+ mm;    ray florets 13–18+,    corolla laminae 5–8(–12+) mm     ................................... Calendula arvensis  금송화  1. Phyllaries 12–40+, (8–)10–12+ mm;     ray florets 30–50(–100+),     corolla laminae 12–20+ mm.      .................................. Calendula officinalis 금잔화

 

 

 위키 설명

 

Calendula officinalis, the pot marigold, ruddles, common marigold or Scotch marigold, is a plant in the genus Calendula of the family Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe, though its long history of cultivation makes its precise origin unknown, and it may possibly be of garden origin. It is also widely naturalised farther north in Europe (as far as southern England) and elsewhere in warm temperate regions of the world.

 

The Latin specific epithet officinalis refers to the plant's medical and herbal uses.

Calendula officinalis is a short-lived aromatic herbaceous perennial, growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall, with sparsely branched lax or erect stems. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, 5–17 cm (2–7 in) long, hairy on both sides, and with margins entire or occasionally waved or weakly toothed. The inflorescences are yellow, comprising a thick capitulum or flowerhead 4–7 cm diameter surrounded by two rows of hairy bracts; in the wild plant they have a single ring of ray florets surrounding the central disc florets. The disc florets are tubular and hermaphrodite, and generally of a more intense orange-yellow colour than the female, tridentate, peripheral ray florets. The flowers may appear all year long where conditions are suitable. The fruit is a thorny curved achene and weight in average 10.1 mg (n=50).

 

Calendulas are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including cabbage moth, gothic moth, large yellow underwing, and setaceous Hebrew character

 

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalis

 

 

 

 

FNA 설명

 

 

Calendula officinalis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 921. 1753.

Leaf blades 3–12(–18+) cm × 10–30(–60+) mm. Peduncles 5–8(–12+) cm. Phyllaries 12–40+, (8–)10–12+ mm. Ray florets 30–50(–100+); corolla laminae 12–20+ mm. Disc florets (30–)60–150+; corollas (4–)5–6+ mm. Cypselae 9–15(–25+) mm. 2n = 14, 32.

 

Flowering year-round. Disturbed places; 0–500 m; introduced; Calif., Conn., Maine, Mass., Mich., N.H., Ohio, Pa.; Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands.

 

Cultivars of Calendula officinalis are widely used horticulturally, medicinally, and as pot herbs.

출처:     http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220002139

 

 

FOC  설명

 

Calendula officinalis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 921. 1753.

金盏菊 jin zhan ju

Herbs, annual, 20-75 cm tall, usually branched from base, green, ± glandular pubescent. Basal leaves oblong-obovate or spatulate, 15-20 cm, margin entire or remotely denticulate; stem leaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-obovate, 5-15 × 1-3 cm, ± amplexicaul, margin inconspicuously repand-denticulate, apex obtuse, rarely acute. Capitula 4-5 cm in diam.; phyllaries lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, outer slightly longer than inner, acuminate. Ray florets yellow or orange, ca. 2 × as long as involucre, lamina up to 4-5 mm wide. Disk florets with triangular-lanceolate lobes. Achenes curved, yellowish or brownish, outer half-curved, often aculeate rostrate at apex, lateral-winged ridge irregularly rugose. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. Jun-Oct.

Cultivated as an ornamental in parks and gardens of China [native origin unknown].

 

 

 

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오스테오스페르뭄에클로니스에 대한 설명을 남겨둔다

 

 

Osteospermum속에 대한 설명 Osteospermum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 923. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 395. 1754. [Greek osteon, bone, and sperma, seed, alluding to hard fruits of original species]   John L. Strother   Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs [annuals]. 5–150+ cm. Stems procumbent to erect [prostrate], glabrous or arachnose to piloso-hirtellous and/or stipitate-glandular. Leaves sessile or petiolate; blades orbiculate, elliptic, or oblong to oblanceolate, lanceolate, or linear, margins entire or denticulate [pinnately lobed], faces glabrous or sparsely arachnose and/or stipitate-glandular, often glabrate. Heads borne singly [in corymbiform to umbelliform arrays]. Involucres campanulate to hemispheric or broader, 5–20+ mm diam. Phyllaries 5–21+ in 1–2(–3+) series, lanceolate to lance-linear (apices ± attenuate). Receptacles flat to conic. Ray florets 10–21+ in ± 1 series; corollas whitish to purplish or yellow to orange, laminae ± oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate. Disc florets 12–50+, functionally staminate; corollas yellow or purplish, tubes shorter than the ± campanulate throats. Cypselae triquetrous-prismatic to clavate, often ± tuberculate or ridged and/or winged. x = 10.   Species ca. 75 (2 in the flora): introduced; Africa; widely cultivated, sometimes escaping and/or persisting.

 

 

 

 

학명 : Osteospermum ecklonis (de Candolle) Norlindh

분류 : 국화과(Asteraceae)

학명 풀이:

Osteospermum ; Bone seed, referring to hardness of seed

ecklonis : Named for Dr. Christian Friedrich Ecklon, 19th century German botanist

국표식 등재명: 오스테오스페르뭄 에크로니스 또는 디모르파세카

유통명: 오스테오스퍼멈/디모르포세가

* 학명이 라틴어이기때문에 위의 유통명은 잘못 읽은 것이다. 오스테오스페르뭄으로 읽어주어야

한다.

 

FNA 설명.

 

Osteospermum ecklonis (de Candolle) Norlindh, Stud. Calenduleae. 244. 1943.

(학명 이명)

Dimorphotheca ecklonis de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 71. 1838

(설명) 

Perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, 10–100+ cm. Leaf blades obovate or oblong to elliptic or ob-lanceolate, 30–50(–100+) × 10–20(–40+) mm, margins entire or denticulate, faces stipitate-glandular (at least distal leaves), glabrescent. Peduncles (25–)50–150+ mm. Phyllaries 12–16+, 10–15+ mm. Ray florets 12–21+; corollas abaxially usually violet to blue or purplish, sometimes cream to pink or salmon, adaxially whitish to blue or purplish, laminae (15–)20–45+ mm. Disc florets 40–60+; corollas ± purplish, 3.5–4.5 mm. Cypselae 6–7 mm. 2n = 20.