양골담초(金雀花)

학명 : Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link. 양골담초

분류 : Fabaceae

학명 풀이

Cytisus : From the Greek kytisos (an old name for woody legumes); a kind of clover

scoparius : like a broom 

 

중국어명 : 金雀花

 

국표식 등재명 : 양골담초

국내 유통명 : 양골담초, 금작화, 애니시다

 

사진: 2021.04.27 도봉구

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2022.03.31 부천무릉도원수목원

 

 

 

 

 

 

영어 위키 설명

 

Cytisus scoparius (syn. Sarothamnus scoparius), the common broom or Scotch broom, is a perennial leguminous shrub native to western and central Europe. In Britain and Ireland, the standard name is broom, but this name is also used for other members of the Genisteae tribe, such as French broom or Spanish broom, and the term common broom is sometimes used for clarification. In other English-speaking countries, the most common name is Scotch broom (or Scot's broom); however, it is known as English broom in Australia.

 

Classification​

The two subspecies of Cytisus scoparius are:

Cytisus scoparius subsp. scoparius - throughout the species' range

Cytisus scoparius subsp. maritimus (Rouy) Heywood - Western Europe, on maritime cliffs, differs in prostrate growth, not over 0.4 m tall, and downy young shoots

 

Cultivation​

Cytisus scoparius is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant, with several cultivars selected for variation in flower colour, including "Moonlight" with deep yellow flowers, "Andreanus" and "Firefly" with dark orange-red flowers, and growth habit, including "Pendula" with pendulous branchlets.

 

Description​

Plants of C. scoparius typically grow to 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) tall, rarely to 4 m (13 ft), with main stems up to 5 cm (2.0 in) thick, rarely 10 cm (3.9 in). Stems are ridged and green. The shrubs have green shoots with small deciduous trifoliate leaves 5–15 mm long, and in spring and summer are covered in profuse golden yellow flowers 20–30 mm from top to bottom and 15–20 mm wide. Flowering occurs after 50–80 growing degree days. The seed pods have long hairs only along their seams(솔기, 이음매). In late summer, its legumes (seed pods) mature black, 2–3 cm long, 8 mm broad and 2–3 mm thick; they burst open, often with an audible crack, forcibly throwing seed from the parent plant. This species is adapted to Mediterranean and coastal climates, and its range is limited by cold winter temperatures. Especially the seeds, seedlings, and young shoots are sensitive to frost, but adult plants are hardier, and branches affected by freezing temperatures regenerate quickly. C. scoparius contains toxic alkaloids that depress the heart and nervous system.

As a legume, this shrub can fix nitrogen in the soil through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria.

 

Distribution and habitat​

Cytisus scoparius is found in sunny sites, usually on dry, sandy soils at low altitudes, tolerating very acidic soil conditions. In some places outside of its native range, such as India, South America, western North America (particularly Vancouver Island and Washington, Oregon, and California west of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada mountains), Australia, and New Zealand (where it is a declared weed) it has become an ecologically destructive colonizing invasive species in grassland, shrub and woodland, and other habitats. It is common in Great Britain and Ireland.

 

........ 이하 생략 ..........

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytisus_scoparius