Caryota maxima(생선꼬리야자)

공작야자(1)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7808356

공작야자(2)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7814428

Caryota maxima(생선꼬리야자)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7814790

 

 

학명 : Caryota maxima Blume ex Martius

분류 : Arecaceae

Common Names : Chinese Fishtail Palm; Giant Mountain Fishtail Palm

중국어명 :  鱼尾葵

국내 유통명 : 생선꼬리야자

 

 

참조 사이트

Caryota maxima - Palmpedia - Palm Grower's Guide

 

사진 : 2023.02.15 서울식물원

 

 

 

 

 

 

아래 : 2024.03.10 서울식물원

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

속에 대한 FOC 설명

Caryota Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1189. 1753.

鱼尾葵属 yu wei kui shu

 

Thuessinkia Korthals.

 

Stems small to very large, solitary or clustered, columnar or swollen, usually ringed with conspicuous leaf scars. Leaves 4-20, spread out along stem, or borne in a compact crown at top of stem; leaf sheaths closed, not forming crownshafts; petioles short or elongate and then rounded in cross section, covered with whitish or brownish hairs, sometimes striped; leaves bipinnate, each primary pinna made up of several secondary pinnae borne on a secondary rachis terminated by a pinna; individual secondary pinnae triangular, with jagged outer margins, often spreading in different planes. Plants monoecious, semelparous*, flowering proceeding from top of stem downward (basipetal). Inflorescences usually branched to 1 order, rarely spicate, borne either among or below leaves, covered with many persistent bracts; peduncle bearing a prophyll and several peduncular bracts; rachillae usually many, long and pendulous; flowers unisexual, borne in threes of 1 central female and 2 lateral male; male petals either yellow or purplish; stamens 6-150. Fruits orange, red, or purple, medium sized, usually ± globose, 1- or 2-seeded; mesocarp filled with irritant needle-shaped crystals; endosperm ruminate (homogeneous in one species); germination remote; eophylls bifid [pinnate in one species] with jagged margins.

* 용어 semelparous : reproducing  onlt once in a lifetime

Thirteen species: from India through SE Asia to the W Pacific; four species in China.

 

Records of Caryota no Beccari ex J. Dransfield from China are based on misidentifications.

 

종 검색표

 

1. Moderate-sized palms, with clustered stems;

    rachillae less than 80 per inflorescence;

    flowers purple to maroon;

    fruits purple, purple-black, or brownish purple (2)

    2. Inflorescences with to 60 rachillae.

        .........................................      C. mitis 공작야자

    2. Inflorescences with 1-3 rachillae.

        ........................................       C. monostachya

 

1. Massive, solitary palms;

     rachillae more than 80 per inflorescence;

     flowers yellowish, rarely reddish brown to purple;

     fruits reddish, orange, or rarely purple

     3. Leaves borne along upper half of stem;

         primary pinnae pendulous;

         fruits strictly 1-seeded.

         .............................               C. maxima 생선꼬리야자

     3. Leaves borne in a compact crown at top of stem;

         primary pinnae spreading;

         fruits often 2-seeded.   
         ...............................             C. obtusa

 

 

 

종에 대한 FOC 설명

 

Caryota maxima Blume ex Martius, Hist. Nat. Palm. 3: 195. 1838.

鱼尾葵 yu wei kui

 

Caryota aequatorialis (Beccari) Ridley; C. bacsonensis Magalon; C. furfuracea Blume var. caudata Blume; C. furfuracea var. furcata Blume; C. macrantha Burret; C. obtusa Griffith var. aequatorialis Beccari; C. ochlandra Hance; C. rumphiana Martius var. javanica Beccari; C. rumphiana var. oxydonta Beccari; C. rumphiana var. philippinensis Beccari.

 

Stems solitary, to 30 m tall, 25-64 cm in diam., columnar. Leaves borne along upper half of stem; petioles 8-30 cm; rachis 2.7-4.2 m; primary pinnae to 27 per side of rachis, pendulous; secondary pinnae 12-27 per side of secondary rachis, with deeply jagged margins. Inflorescences borne among leaves, to 3.5 m; rachillae 80-170, 1.5-2.1 m; male flowers to 15 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals yellowish, 12-15 mm; stamens 80-100; female flowers to 10 mm; sepals ca. 5 mm; petals 6-8 mm. Fruits dull reddish or orange, globose, to 2.5 cm in diam., 1-seeded.

 

Lowland to montane rain forests or disturbed areas, often planted or naturalized; 200-1800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].

 

The palm heart is eaten; the stems are used to make implements; and the sheath fibers are used for tinder.

 

 

공작야자속 2종  명칭 비교

 

	Caryota mitis Lour.	Caryota maxima  Blume ex Martius
Common Name	clustering fishtail palm; fishtail palm	Chinese Fishtail Palm; Giant Mountain Fishtail Palm
중국어명	短穗鱼尾葵	鱼尾葵
국내 유통명	공작야자 (국표식 등재)	생선꼬리야자 (국표식 미등재)