납매 겨울눈(1)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7815938
납매(2)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7814306
납매(1)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7808888
산납매(가을납매)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7807363
*** 홍릉수목원에서는 중국납매로 소개되어 있고 중국에서는 산납매로 부르고, 우리나라 천리포수목원에서는 가을납매로 소개하고 있다.
학명: Chimonanthus nitens Oliver
분류: 받침꽃과(Calycanthaceae)
학명 풀이:
Chimonathus: 그리스어 cheimon ' winter'; anthos 'flower'
nitens 빛나는
설명은 Flora of China에 실려 있는 것을 그대로 전재한다
Chimonanthus nitens Oliver, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 16: t. 1600. 1887.
山蜡梅 shan la mei
Calycanthus nitens (Oliver) Rehder; Chimonanthus nitens var. ovatus T. B. Chao & Z. Q. Li; Meratia nitens (Oliver) Rehder & E. H. Wilson.
Shrubs or trees, 1-6 m tall, evergreen. Branchlets quadrangular when young but becoming subterete, puberulous but glabrescent. Petiole 3-10 mm, glabrous or sometimes with short hirsute pubescence; leaf blade elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, broadly elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 2-13 × 1.5-5.5 cm, papery to subleathery, both surfaces green to occasionally very pale green and subscabrous, abaxially glabrous or sometimes with a minute short hirsute pubescence, adaxially shiny and with inconspicuous glandular trichomes, secondary veins abaxially convex and adaxially flattened, reticulate veins obscure, base obtuse to cuneate, apex acuminate, long acuminate, or shortly caudate. Flowers solitary, 0.7-1 cm in diam. Tepals 20-24, yellow to yellowish white, rounded, ovate, obovate, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong, 3-15 × 2.5-10 mm, outside pubescent, inside glabrous. Stamens ca. 2 mm; filaments short, pubescent; anthers ovate, incumbent, longer than filaments; staminodes ca. 1.5 cm, base and base of style with scattered hirsute pubescence. Pseudocarp grayish brown at maturity, urceolate to subcampanulate, 2-5 × 1-2.5 cm, velutinous, apex constricted. Achenes ellipsoid, 1-1.3 cm. Fl. Oct-Jan, fr. Apr-Aug. 2n = 22*.
● Sparse woodlands in mountains, montane limestone areas; 200-2500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
Chimonanthus nitens is a good horticultural plant because of its beautiful yellow flowers and evergreen leaves. Its roots are used medicinally, and the dried young leaves are commonly used as tea in Jiangxi and Zhejiang.
받침꽃과의 식물로 중국원산이며 한겨울에 피는 꽃이다. 홍릉수목원에 식재되어 있는 것은 중국납매라는 팻말이 붙어 있으나 중국납매라는 품종의 학명이 따로 없다. 엄동에 이 꽃이 피어 있는 것을 보면 신기한 느낌이 든다.
아래는 작년 12월 홍릉에서 찍은 산납매 꽃이다
꽃의 상태가 별로 좋지 않다. 기후가 안 맞아 그런가?
아래는 천리포수목원에서 찍은 사진
아래 : 2022.12.04 홍릉수목원
납매와 같은 과에 속하는 꽃으로는 자주 받침꽃이 있는데 자주받침꽃은 꽃이 피는 시기가 4∼5월이고 꽃 모양은 자주색이다. 꽃 모양과 꽃피는 시기는 이와 같이 전혀 다르나 잎 모양과 열매 모양은 서로 비슷하기에 아래와 같이 구분해본다.
자주받침꽃- 잎은 난형 내지 장난형, 열매는 쭈글쭈글하다.
산납매- 잎은 장타원형이고 열매는 쭈글쭈글하지 않다.
진짜 납매는 꽃이 노란색이고 안쪽이 붉은색으로 2월에 핀다.
역시 Flora of China 기재문을 전재한다.
Chimonanthus praecox (Linnaeus) Link, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. 2: 66. 1822.
蜡梅 la mei
Calycanthus praecox Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 718. 1762; Butneria praecox (Linnaeus) C. K. Schneider; Chimonanthus baokanensis D. M. Chen & Z. I. Dai; C. baokanensis var. yupiensis D. M. Chen & Z. I. Dai; C. caespitosus T. B. Chao et al.; C. fragrans Lindley, nom. illeg. superfl.; C. fragrans var. grandiflorus Lindley; C. parviflorus Rafinesque; C. praecox var. concolor Makino; C. praecox var. grandiflorus (Lindley) Makino; C. praecox var. intermedius Makino; C. praecox var. reflexus B. Zhao; C. yunnanensis W. W. Smith; Meratia fragrans Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, nom. illeg. superfl.; M. praecox (Linnaeus) Rehder & E. H. Wilson; M. yunnanensis (W. W. Smith) S. Y. Hu.
Shrubs or small trees, 3-13 m tall, deciduous or sometimes with persistent leaves. Branchlets grayish brown, quadrangular when young but becoming subterete, glabrous or slightly puberulent, lenticellate; buds usually axillary on branches of previous year; bud scales subcircular, imbricate, outside pubescent. Petiole 0.3-1.8 cm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate, elliptic, broadly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or sometimes oblong-lanceolate, 5-29 × 2-12 cm, papery to subleathery, abaxially glabrous except for occasional scattered trichomes on veins, adaxially roughly scabrous, secondary veins 4-6 on each side of midvein, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute, acuminate, or sometimes caudate. Flowers on branches of previous year, solitary or paired, appearing generally before leaves, 1.5-4 cm in diam., sweetly fragrant. Pedicel 2-8 mm. Tepals 15-21, yellow but inner ones usually with purplish red pigment, 0.5-2 × 0.5-1.5 cm; outer tepals orbicular to obovate, puberulent, apex truncate or rounded; median tepals elliptic to oblong-elliptic, glabrous or sometimes margin ciliate, apex rounded to acute; inner tepals orbicular to oblong, glabrous or sometimes margin ciliate, base distinctly clawed, apex rounded. Stamens 5-8, 2.5-4 mm; filaments broad, longer, equal, or rarely shorter than anthers, basally pubescent or glabrous; anthers glabrous; connective puberulous or glabrous, apex acute; staminodes 2-15, subulate to linear-lanceolate, 2-3 mm, pubescent. Carpels 5-15, hirtellous at base; style ca. 3 × as long as ovary, pubescent at base. Pseudocarp urceolate, ovoid-ellipsoid, or obovoid-ellipsoid, 2-6 × 1-2.5 cm, subwoody, apex constricted, apical appendages 9 or 10, tapered lanceolate, with trichomes. Achenes 3-11, brown, ellipsoid to reniform, 15-16.5 × 5-5.6 mm, pubescent at base. Fl. Oct-Mar, fr. Apr-Nov. 2n = 22*.
● Montane forests; 500-1100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
This species is cultivated throughout most of China as well as in other temperate areas of the world as a decorative plant, particularly for its sweetly fragrant flowers. The leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds are used medicinally.
Because of its extensive and long cultivation in China, some of the reported distribution is uncertain as to it actually being native.