학명 : Prunus salicina Lindl.
뷴류 : Rosaceae
사진: 2021.04.01 인천수목원
아래 : 2022.04.15 남양주 용암리 소리봉
아래 : 2020.04.09 장소 불명
자두나무의 화탁통은 특이한 모습이다. 위가 넓은 통 모양으로 밑 부분에 가로 주름 무늬가 있는 것처럼 보인다
아래 자두나무와 서양자두나무의 세밀화에서 보다시피
자두나무(Prunus salicina)의 잎(엽선이 예두 내지 미상)이
서양자두나무(Prunus domestica)의 잎(원두 내지 둔두)보다 더 길다
아래 : 2024.06.16 방학 중랑천
열매가 제대로 발육하지 못하고 어린 상태로 말라죽었다
유사종 : 서양자두나무 Prunus domestica L.
서양자두나무와 자두나무 FOC 기재문 비교(밑줄 부분에 유의)
| 서양자두나무 학명 : Prunus domestica L. 중국어명 : 欧洲李 |
자두나무 학명 : Prunus salicina Lindley 중국어명 : 李 |
| 학명 이명 : Prunus communis Hudson; P. domestica var. damascena Linnaeus; P. domestica subsp. oeconomica (Borkhausen) C. K. Schneider; P. sativa Rouy & Camus subsp. domestica (Linnaeus) Rouy & E. G. Camus. 설명 Trees 6–15 m tall. Branches reddish brown, unarmed or with a few spines, glabrous; branchlets pale red to grayish green, sparsely pubescent. Winter buds reddish brown, usually glabrous. Stipules linear, margin glandular, apex acuminate. Petiole 1–2 cm, densely pubescent; leaf blade dark green, elliptic to obovate, 4–10 × 2.5–5 cm, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescent on veins, base cuneate to occasionally broadly cuneate and with a pair of nectaries, margin remote crenate, apex acute to obtuse; secondary veins 5–7 on either side of midvein. Flowers solitary or to 3 in a fascicle, on apex of short branchlets, 1–1.5 cm in diam. Pedicel 1–1.2 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Hypanthium outside pubescent. Sepals ovate, outside pubescent, margin entire, apex acute. Petals white or occasionally greenish, obovate, base cuneate, apex rounded to obtuse. Drupe red, purple, green, or yellow, usually globose to oblong, rarely subglobose, 1–2.5 cm in diam., often glaucous; endocarp broadly ellipsoid, pitted. Fl. Mar, fr. Sep. Widely cultivated in China [native to SW Asia and Europe]. This species has a long history of cultivation, with many horticultural varieties. It is grown for its fruit, which are eaten fresh or made into juice or preserves. |
설명 Trees 9–12 m tall; branchlets, petioles, pedicels, outside base of hypanthium glabrous or densely pubescent. Branches purplish brown to reddish brown; branchlets yellowish red. Winter buds purplish red, usually glabrous or rarely hairy at scale margins. Stipules linear, margin glandular, apex acuminate. Petiole 1–2 cm, apex with 2 nectaries; leaf blade oblong-obovate, narrowly elliptic, or rarely oblong-ovate, 6–8(–12) × 3–5 cm, adaxially dark green and lustrous, base cuneate, margin doubly crenate and often mixed with simple gland-tipped teeth when young, apex acute to shortly caudate; secondary veins 6 or 7 on either side of midvein, not extending to leaf margin. Flowers usually 3 in a fascicle, 1.5–2.2 cm in diam. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Sepals oblong-ovate, ca. 5 mm, outside glabrous, margin loosely serrate, apex acute to obtuse. Petals white, oblong-obovate, base cuneate, margin erose near apex. Ovary glabrous. Stigma disc-shaped. Drupe yellow or red, sometimes green or purple, globose, ovoid, or conical, 3.5–5 cm in diam., to 7 cm in diam. in horticultural forms, glaucous; endocarp ovoid to oblong, rugose. Fl. Apr, fr. Jul–Aug. Sparse forests, forest margins, thickets, scrub, along trails in mountains, stream sides in valleys, also cultivated; 200--2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang. 종하 분류군 1. Branchlets, petioles, pedicels, and outside surface of hypanthia glabrous; leaf blade abaxially sparsely pubescent on veins or barbate in vein axils. ............... var. salicina 자두나무(원변종) 1. Branchlets, petioles, pedicels, and outside base of hypanthia densely pubescent; leaf blade abaxially densely pubescent. ............ var. pubipes 자두나무(원변종) 학명 : Prunus salicina var. salicina 중국어명 : 李(原变种) 학명 이명: Prunus botan André; P. ichangana C. K. Schneider; P. triflora Roxburgh. 설명 Branchlets, petioles, pedicels, and outside surface of hypanthia glabrous. Leaf blade abaxially sparsely pubescent on veins or barbate in vein axils. Sparse forests, scrub, along trails in mountains, stream sides in valleys, also cultivated; 200--2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang. This variety is an important, temperate fruit tree widely cultivated in China and other regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. |
FOC 검색표
1. Leaf blade abaxially pubescent;
drupe often glaucous.
.............................. P. domestica 서양자두나무
1. Leaf blade abaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescent or pubescent on midvein;
drupe not glaucous (slightly glaucous in P. cerasifera).
2. Leaf blade abaxially pubescent only on midvein;
flowers usually solitary, very rarely 2 in a fascicle;
endocarp smooth or scabrous.
................................. P. cerasifera
2. Leaf blade abaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescent;
flowers (2 or)3 in a fascicle;
endocarp rugose or grooved.
3. Leaf blade glabrous;
drupe 3.5–7 cm in diam.;
endocarp rugose.
..................................... P. salicina 자두나무
3. Leaf blade sparsely pubescent;
drupe 1.5–2.5 cm in diam.;
endocarp conspicuously grooved.
....................................... P. ussuriensis
FOC 세밀화
서양자두나무 퍼온 사진
