Primula vulgaris(2)

 

Primula vulgaris(2)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7816109

Primula vulgaris(1)

https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7813638

 

 

참조 사이트

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primula_vulgaris

 

학명 : Primula vulgaris Huds.

분류 : 앵초과(Primulaceae)

 

 

 

사진 : 2024.04.11 여주 황학산수목원

 

 

 

 

 

위키페디아 설명

 

Primula vulgaris, the common primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to Eurasia.[2][3] The common name is primrose,[4] or occasionally common primrose or English primrose to distinguish it from other Primula species referred to as primroses.

 

 

 

Description

Primula vulgaris is a perennial growing 10–30 centimetres (4–12 inches) tall, with a basal rosette of leaves which are more-or-less evergreen in favoured habitats. The leaves are 5–25 cm (2–10 in) long and 2–6 cm (1–2+1⁄2 in) broad, often heavily wrinkled, with an irregularly crenate to dentate margin. The leaf blade is gradually attenuated towards the base and unevenly toothed. The single stem, extremely short, is hidden in the centre of the leaf rosette.[5]

 

Blooming in early spring in the Northern Hemisphere (February–April), the delicately scented flowers are 2–4 cm in diameter, borne singly on short slender stems.[5] They are typically pale yellow, though white or pink forms are often seen in nature. The flowers are actinomorphic with a superior ovary which later forms a capsule opening by valves to release the small black seeds. The flowers are hermaphrodite but heterostylous; individual plants bear either pin flowers (longuistylous flower: with the capita of the style prominent) or thrum flowers (brevistylous flower: with the stamens prominent). Fertilisation can only take place between pin and thrum flowers. Pin-to-pin and thrum-to-thrum pollination is ineffective.[6][7]

 

 

장주화(Pin flower)

 

 

단주화(thrum flower)

 

 

Taxonomy

Subspecies

 

Primula vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii

Three subspecies are accepted by some sources:[2][7]

 

Primula vulgaris subsp. vulgaris. Western and southern Europe. As described above; flowers pale yellow.

Primula vulgaris subsp. balearica (Willk.) W.W.Sm. & Forrest. Balearic Islands (endemic). Flowers white. Leaf stem longer than leaf blade.

Primula vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii (Hoffmanns.) W.W.Sm. & Forrest. Balkans, southwest Asia. Flowers pink to red or purple.

Plants of the World Online accepts only one subspecies in addition to the nominate subsp. vulgaris:[1]

 

Primula vulgaris subsp. atlantica (Maire & Wilczek) Greuter & Burdet. Morocco to Algeria.

 

 

Primula vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii (Hoffmanns.) W.W.Sm. & Forrest

 

The primrose is distinguished from other species of Primula by its pale yellow (in the nominate subspecies) flowers produced singly on long flower stalks which are covered in rather shaggy hairs. The flowers open flat rather than concave as in the case of Primula veris, the cowslip.

 

A pink form is widely seen, growing amongst the much more common yellow forms; this may be a genetic variant rather than a garden escape.[8][9] Occasional red forms are more likely to be naturalised from garden varieties.[6

 

Etymology

The scientific name Primula is a diminutive of the Latin primus, "prime", alluding to the fact that this flower is among the first to appear in spring.[10] The vernacular name has the same meaning: primrose derives from a late Latin form prima rosa, consisting of prima, "first" (feminine), and rosa, "rose".[11]

 

The Latin specific epithet vulgaris means "common", in the sense of "widespread".[12]