발풀고사리(3)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7816301
발풀고사리(2)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7810090
발풀고사리(1)
https://daehyo49.tistory.com/7809195
학명 : Dicranopteris pedata (Houtt.) Nakaike
분류 : 풀고사리과 (Gleicheniaceae)
일어명 : コシダ (일본에서 쓰는 학명) Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw.
중국어명 : 芒萁
사진 : 2024.07.20 화성후리꽃식물원
잎은 2-4회 차상분기한다
국생지
분포
전남, 경남, 제주
해외분포
중국, 대만, 인도네시아, 일본
생육형
상록성 여러해살이풀
잎
잎은 드문드문 나오고 잎몸은 끝이 2개(Y자) 갈라져 가지를 치는데 1쌍의 우편이 달리며 모두 6개의 우편으로 된다. 우편은 장타원상 피침형이고 우상으로 깊게 갈라져 길이 15~30cm, 너비 3~4cm로 표면은 광택이 나는 녹색이고 이면은 흰빛이 돌고 적갈색 털이 약간 있다. 열편은 선형으로 너비 3~4cm, 끝은 둔하거나 요두이고 가장자리는 밋밋하다. 잎자루 길이는 20~60cm, 광택이나며 자갈색으로 딱딱하다.
줄기
● 근경 : 근경은 옆으로 길게 뻗고 갈색털이 있다.
포자
포자낭군은 주맥과 가장자리 중간에 1열로 배열되며 포막이 없고 환대가 옆으로 발달한다.
Dicranopteris pedata (Houttuyn) Nakaike, Enum. Pterid. Jap., Filic. 114. 1975.
芒萁 mang qi
Polypodium pedatum Houttuyn, Nat. Hist. 14: 175. 1783; Dicranopteris dichotoma (Thunberg) Bernhardi; D. linearis (N. L. Burman) Underwood; D. linearis var. alternans (Mettenius) Holttum; D. linearis var. subpectinata (Christ) Holttum; D. linearis var. tetraphylla (Rosenstock) Nakai; D. subpectinata (Christ) C. M. Kuo; D. tetraphylla (Rosenstock) C. M. Kuo; D. warburgii (Christ) Nakai; Gleichenia dichotoma (Thunberg) Hooker; G. dichotoma var. alternans Mettenius; G. linearis (N. L. Burman) C. B. Clarke; G. linearis var. tetraphylla Rosenstock; G. subpectinata Christ; G. warburgii Christ; Mertensia dichotoma (Thunberg) Willdenow; M. linearis (N. L. Burman) Fritsch (1901), not Greene (1897); P. dichotomum Thunberg (1784); P. lineare N. L. Burman.
Plants 0.5-2(-3) m tall. Rhizomes creeping, 2-3 mm in diam., covered with dense dark brown or brown hairs. Stipe stramineous, 0.3-1(-2) m, 2-6 mm wide, glabrous; rachis 1-3(-5) times dichotomously branched, basal internode 10-15 cm, covered with dark brown hairs, glabrescent, second internode 3-5 cm; apical buds ca. 2 mm, covered with dense brown hairs; bracts ovate to ovate-oblong, 5-10 mm, margin irregularly crenate, rarely entire; rachises with a pair of lateral stipulelike pinnae at each dichotomy; lower lateral pinnules broadly lanceolate, 10-25 × 4-7 cm, upper ones smaller, 4-10 × 2-4 cm; ultimate pinnae lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, 15-25(-35) × 4-8(-10) cm, base attenuate, apex caudate; lobes 15-50 on each side, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 10-50 × 2-4 mm, margin entire, apex emarginate or obtuse; lamina papery, glaucous abaxially, yellowish green or green adaxially, with sparse brown hairs on costae and veins abaxially; costae prominent on both surfaces; veins 3-5 in each group. Sori in 1 line on each side of costule; sporangia 5-8.
Thickets, forests, valleys, by rivers, hillsides; below 100-2200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu (Wenxian), Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
Dicranopteris pedata cannot be distinguished from D. linearis with any clear discriminative characters. The Japanese form is easily included in the range of variable forms of so-called D. linearis, and no infraspecific taxa are recognized under that variable species in the present treatment.
Dicranopteris linearis is widely distributed in tropical areas of S Asia and is sometimes an invasive weed. It is very variable, and Holttum (Fl. Males., Ser. 2, 1: 33-36. 1959) recognized thirteen varieties, four of which have been reported in Taiwan: D. linearis var. linearis, D. linearis var. montana (here treated under D. taiwanensis), D. linearis var. subpectinata, and D. linearis var. tetraphylla. These were separated by the presence or absence of hairs on the pinnules, rachis dichotomies equal or unequal, presence or absence of lateral pinnae subtending the ultimate pinnae, and dimensions of the pinnae (Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 1: 92-94. 1994); however, we believe that these vary too continuously to justify the recognition of distinct taxa.
The status of Gleichenia linearis var. longicauda Christ (Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 19. 1899), described from Yunnan, is uncertain.